What Happens If A Fully Vaccinated Dog Is Bitten By A Rabid Animal

At that place tends to be confusion about what happens when an creature bites or is bitten, and rabies is beingness considered. Virtually of the confusion revolves around how long an fauna is quarantined or observed. Even so, it's actually pretty straightforward if you call up nigh why quarantine/ascertainment is being performed and some basics nigh the virus and the disease itself.

Scenario i: A dog bites a person

This 1's like shooting fish in a barrel.

The response: 10 day quarantine or ascertainment. Basically, we need to ensure that the dog is normal ten days after the seize with teeth.

Why?

To see if it develops signs of rabies. Based on the nature of rabies virus infection, by the time a dog is infectious (shedding rabies virus in saliva) the infection is well avant-garde. If the dog is neurologically normal 10 days afterwards the seize with teeth, it could non take had rabies virus in its saliva at the time of the seize with teeth

What if the dog was vaccinated against rabies?

That doesn't have any bear upon. Vaccination is highly effective but not 100% protective. Since you tin't guarantee a vaccinated dog doesn't have rabies, even vaccinated dogs may be placed under a 10-day observation menstruation.

Scenario 2: A dog is bitten past a raccoon (or other potentially rabid animal)

One variable here is whether the offending fauna is available for testing. If it is killed/euthanized and tested, and shown not to have rabies virus in its brain, the bitten dog is in the clear (same applies if a person is bitten by a wild fauna). In a large proportion of cases the offending beast is not available for testing, and the rabies status of the animal is never known at the time of the bite.

Why is there a response?

Unlike scenario 1, the goal here isn't to encounter if the dog was incubating rabies virus when it was bitten. The goal is to determine if there is a reasonable hazard that the dog will develop rabies, and to continue information technology contained during the period when rabies is near likely to develop so information technology can't infect someone else. The incubation period for rabies in dogs can exist long (months) so the quarantine/observation flow has to be longer.

What is the response?

The first step is to perform a take a chance assessment to determine the likelihood that the offending animal transmitted rabies to the dog. Although the adventure from a seize with teeth from another mammal is never zero, if the risk is deemed to exist very depression then no specific action is taken other than to ensure the dog's vaccination condition is upwardly-to-date. Pet owners must always be vigilant for neurologic signs in their animals that may be consistent with rabies. Even indoor animals can have contact with potential rabies vectors such every bit bats.
If the risk assessment is that there is a significant hazard of rabies manual, unlike scenario 1, the dog'due south vaccination condition and then plays a role in determining the subsequent response. (Annotation: These rules are for Ontario. There's some variation between jurisdictions).

If the dog was full vaccinated, according to the intervals specified by the vaccine manufacturer, and is non overdue for a booster:

The dog still requires a rabies booster is given within 7 days of the bite. If this is done, there is no confinement flow, although an informal ascertainment flow (45 days) is recommended out of an affluence of caution.
If a booster isn't given within 7 days, then the dog gets a 3 month precautionary solitude flow (PCP). During this time, they take to stay on the owner'south belongings (except for medical care), have contact only with one caregiver, take no contact with other animals, tin but go outside on a ternion and in a fenced expanse and must be cordoned off when inside with a double barrier (e.g. kept in a room with a airtight door in a house with a closed door).

If the dog received an initial rabies vaccine just is not yet due for its outset booster (i.e. within 12 months but no less than xiv days after initial vaccination):

Same as for fully vaccinated dogs. The central is getting to booster done within seven days.

If the dog has been vaccinated in the past but is overdue for a booster:

This is handled on a case-by-example basis, thinking about the fourth dimension since vaccination, the number of vaccines the dog has had in the past and other things that might influence protection. Commonly, the response is a booster within vii days and a three calendar month PCP. Without a booster, a 6 month PCP is used.

If the dog has never been vaccinated confronting rabies or rabies vaccination history is unknown:

If the dog gets a rabies shot within seven days of the seize with teeth, information technology gets a 3 month PCP. If not, it's 6 months. Euthanasia is the other pick and is sometimes chosen because of the bug with long quarantines. That's particularly true with puppies (who are more than probable to be unvaccinated), where long confinement periods tin exist very hard and bear on socialization.

Incidentally, the aforementioned rules employ to cats in Ontario. Don't forget, all dogs, cats and ferrets over 3 months of age in Southern Ontario are legally required to exist fully vaccinated for rabies at all times. Failure to do so can result in a fine (which usually costs more than the vaccination!)

Source: https://www.wormsandgermsblog.com/2017/02/articles/animals/dogs/rabies-and-bite-responses/

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